OSHA may revoke its recognition of a validation organization if its program either has failed to continue to satisfy the requirements of this appendix or its letter of recognition, has not been performing the validation functions required by the PSDI standard and appendix A, or has misrepresented itself in its applications. (1) Dull, badly set, improperly filed, or improperly tensioned saws shall be immediately removed from service, before they begin to cause the material to stick, jam, or kick back when it is fed to the saw at normal speed. This is especially true of wheel-sleeve or adaptor flanges. The scope of the appendix includes the three categories of certification/validation required by the PSDI standard: Design Certification/Validation, Installation Certification/Validation, and Annual Recertification/Revalidation. Subpart PHand and Portable Powered Tools and Other Hand-Held Equipment. of this appendix, above, not less than 180 calendar days, nor more than one year, before the expiration date of its current recognition. d. When the change of state is motion, the measurement shall be made at the completion of the motion. (iv) An interlocked press barrier guard shall be attached to the press frame or bolster and shall be interlocked with the press clutch control so that the clutch cannot be activated unless the guard itself, or the hinged or movable sections of the guard are in position to conform to the requirements of Table O-10. It is recommended, however, that no projecting setscrews or oilcups be used in any revolving pulley or part of machinery. It is financially capable to conduct the work; b. (12) Guard design specifications. The basement, tower, or room occupied by transmission equipment is locked against unauthorized entrance. Search & Navigation Machine components shall be designed, secured, or covered to minimize hazards caused by breakage, or loosening and falling or release of mechanical energy (i.e. Guarding vertical and inclined shafting. These safety training PowerPoints cover the items specified by OSHA standards. Grade 32510. (30) Foot control means the foot operated control mechanism designed to be used with a clutch or clutch/brake control system. When removing material off conveyors, workers should remain alert and safeguard their hands; the moving material can create pinch points. (B) The air supply for pneumatic clutch/brake control valves shall incorporate a filter, an air regulator, and, when necessary for proper operation, a lubricator. Conduct or recertification/revalidation. Type 11 wheels are subject to all limitations of use and mounting listed for type 6 straight sided cup wheels definition. (iii) Type of clutch used on the press (full revolution, part revolution, or direct drive). Structural steel (min. (vi) The adjustable barrier guard shall be securely attached to the press bed, bolster plate, or die shoe, and shall be adjusted and operated in conformity with Table O-10 and the requirements of this subparagraph. The guard shall be constructed of heavy material, preferably metal, and the edge of the guard shall come to within three-eighths inch of the plane formed by the inside face of the feed roll in contact with the stock being cut. Shaft couplings shall be so constructed as to present no hazard from bolts, nuts, setscrews, or revolving surfaces. If you have comments or suggestions on how to improve the www.ecfr.gov website or have questions about using www.ecfr.gov, please choose the 'Website Feedback' button below. The guard shall effectively keep the operator's hand from coming in contact with the revolving knives. (vii) Means used to actuate press stroke (foot trip, foot control, hand trip, hand control, or other). Spacers shall be equal in diameter to the mounting flanges and have equal bearing surfaces. (13) Cutting off wheels means wheels having diameter thickness and hole size dimensions and are subject to all limitations of mounting and use listed for type 1 wheels, the definition in subparagraph (1) of this paragraph and paragraph (d) of 1910.215. The guard shall be constructed of heavy material, preferably metal, and the bottom of the guard shall come down to within three-eighths inch of the plane formed by the bottom or working surfaces of the feed rolls. They shall be made of steel or other material with adequate strength and shall enclose the wheel sides upward from the back for one-third of the wheel thickness. The unused run of the sanding belt shall be guarded against accidental contact. (5) Saw frames or tables shall be constructed with lugs cast on the frame or with an equivalent means to limit the size of the saw blade that can be mounted, so as to avoid overspeed caused by mounting a saw larger than intended. 5. (ii) Horizontal overhead belts more than seven (7) feet above floor or platform shall be guarded for their entire length under the following conditions: (a) If located over passageways or work places and traveling 1,800 feet or more per minute. This valve shall be closed and locked in the off position while the hammer is being adjusted, repaired, or serviced, or when the dies are being changed. (12) The knife blade of jointers shall be so installed and adjusted that it does not protrude more than one-eighth inch beyond the cylindrical body of the head. The hood shall be constructed in such a manner and of such material that it will protect the operator from flying splinters and broken saw teeth. (1) Gears. (ii) In powerplants or power-development rooms, a guardrail may be used in lieu of the guard required by subdivision (i) of this subparagraph. Eligibility. (1) Mills. A separate set of restraints shall be provided for each operator if more than one operator is required on a press. (1) Inspection. (ii) Be installed on a press such that it indicates when the performance of the braking system has deteriorated to the extent described in paragraph (b)(14)(i) of this section; and. (b) The performance of combined subsystems meets OSHA's operational requirements. Installed at front and back of each mill having a 46-inch roll height or over. No extra microswitches or interlocking sensors would be required. The written procedures for test and certification/validation of PSDI systems, and the standards and test methods on which they are based, shall be reproducible and be available to OSHA and to the public upon request. Unless a 6-foot 6-inch headroom clearance is provided, employees shall not be permitted to pass under conveyors. Where light curtain object sensitivity is user-adjustable, either discretely or continuously, design features shall limit the minimum object sensitivity adjustment not to exceed one and one-fourth inches (31.75 mm). (62) Safety system means the integrated total system, including the pertinent elements of the press, the controls, the safeguarding and any required supplemental safeguarding, and their interfaces with the operator, and the environment, designed, constructed and arranged to operate together as a unit, such that a single failure or single operating error will not cause injury to personnel due to point of operation hazards. The use of belt poles as substitutes for mechanical shifters is not recommended. Mechanical and electrical equipment and auxiliaries shall be installed in accordance with this section and subpart S of this part. (v) The hinged or movable sections of an interlocked press barrier guard shall not be used for manual feeding. (viii) The two hand trip device shall protect the operator as specified in paragraph (c)(3)(i)(e) of this section. When frequent oiling must be done, openings with hinged or sliding self-closing covers shall be provided. (The operational and installation requirements of the PSDI safety system may vary for different applications.). (1) Guards. The maximum angular exposure of the grinding wheel periphery and sides for safety guards used on machines known as swing frame grinding machines shall not exceed 180, and the top half of the wheel shall be enclosed at all times. (i) Wheels must be dry and free from sawdust when applying the ring test, otherwise the sound will be deadened. 1910.34 Coverage and definitions. Surface Feet Per Minute = 3.1416 diameter in inches r.p.m. 1910.305 Wiring methods, components, and equipment for general use. All sprocket wheels and chains shall be enclosed unless they are more than seven (7) feet above the floor or platform. (i) Presses operated in the PSDI mode shall be equipped with a brake monitor that meets the requirements of paragraphs (b)(13) and (b)(14) of this section. Adjustments shall be made only by authorized personnel whose qualifications include a knowledge of the provisions of Table O-10 and this subparagraph. A recognized validation organization may renew its recognition by filing a renewal request at the address in paragraph I.A.3. 11. (3) Each tenoning machine shall have all cutting heads, and saws if used, covered by metal guards. (ii) Scheduling and recording the inspection of guards and point of operation protection devices at frequent and regular intervals. Each manufacturer supplying parts, components, subsystems, and assemblies needs to maintain the quality of the product, and each employer needs to maintain the system in a non-degraded condition. (2) Instruction to operators. Certification/validation by similarity analysis reports should identify, in addition to the above, application of the part, component or subsystem for which certification/validation is being sought as well as data from previous usage establishing adequacy of the item. This requirement does not apply to those elements of the control system which have no effect on the protection against point of operation injuries. (15) Organic wheels means wheels which are bonded by means of an organic material such as resin, rubber, shellac, or other similar bonding agent. (ii) flat belts two (2) inches or less in width which are free from metal lacings or fasteners, (iii) round belts one-half (12) inch or less in diameter; and. If such a guard is constructed of sheet metal, the material used shall be not less than one-sixteenth inch in thickness; and if cast iron is used, it shall not be less than three-sixteenths inch in thickness. (ix) The control design shall preclude any movement of the slide caused by operation of power on, power off, or selector switches, or from checks for proper operations as required by paragraph (h)(6)(xiv) of this section. (ii) The PSDI mode shall not be used for die setting or set-up. (i) Limitations: Special supporting, back adapter and inside flange nuts are required for the proper mounting of these types of wheels subject to limitations of 1910.215(c)(4) (i) and (ii). (4) Tongs. The validation organization and validating laboratory shall have adequate administrative and technical staffs to conduct the validation of the certification of PSDI safety systems. (11) Off-hand grinding means the grinding of any material or part which is held in the operator's hand. However, where an operator must do many operations outside the press, such as lubricating, trimming, deburring, etc., a longer interval up to 30 seconds is permitted. Where a calender is so installed that persons cannot normally reach through, over, under, or around to come in contact with the roll bite or be caught between a roll and an adjacent object, then, provided such elements are made a fixed part of a calender, safety control devices listed in paragraph (c) of this section shall not apply. (4) Power controls and operating controls should be located within easy reach of the operator while he is at his regular work location, making it unnecessary for him to reach over the cutter to make adjustments. 1910.1005 [Reserved] (ii) Type 1 cutting-off wheels are to be mounted between properly relieved flanges which have matching bearing surfaces. 1910.140 Personal fall protection systems. 1910.1029 Coke oven emissions. The application shall identify the scope of the validation activity for which the applicant wishes to be recognized, based on one of the following alternatives: (1) Design Certification/Validation, Installation Certification/Validation, and Annual Recertification/Revalidation; (2) Design Certification/Validation only; or. (i) A suitable enclosure shall be provided to prevent damaged or detached boards from falling. Wall thickness at the back is normally greater than at the grinding face (W). The penetration depth factor shall be determined from Graph h-1 using the minimum object sensitivity size. f. The applicant shall certify that the information submitted is accurate. (E) The severe consequences that can result if he or she attempts to circumvent or by-pass any of the safeguard or operating functions of the PSDI system. (v) An indicator visible to the operator and readily seen by the employer shall be provided which shall clearly indicate that the system is set-up for cycling in the PSDI mode. (b) 12-inch diameter wheel, 1,000 revolutions per minute. (64) Certification or certify means, in the case of design certification/validation, that the manufacturer has reviewed and tested the design and manufacture, and in the case of installation certification/validation and annual recertification/revalidation, that the employer has reviewed and tested the installation, and concludes in both cases that the requirements of 1910.217 (a) through (h) and appendix A have been met. The PSDI safety system shall remain under certification/validation for the shorter of one year or until the system hardware is changed, modified or refurbished, or operating conditions are changed (including environmental, application or facility changes), or a failure of a critical component has occurred. In all other industries, wood guards shall not be used. (ii) The employer shall provide spring loaded turnover bars, for presses designed to accept such turnover bars. The initiation of continuous run shall require a prior action or decision by the operator in addition to the selection of Continuous on the stroking selector, before actuation of the operating means will result in continuous stroking. It would not be necessary to repeat the tests on individual safety systems of the same manufacture or design. The purpose of the certification/validation of safety systems for presence sensing device initiation (PSDI) of mechanical power presses is to ensure that the safety systems are designed, installed, and maintained in accordance with all applicable requirements of 29 CFR 1910.217 (a) through (h) and this appendix A. (3) Installation/Certification/Validation and Annual Recertification/Revalidation. Work rests shall be kept adjusted closely to the wheel with a maximum opening of one-eighth inch to prevent the work from being jammed between the wheel and the rest, which may cause wheel breakage. (4) Clutch means the coupling mechanism used on a mechanical power press to couple the flywheel to the crankshaft, either directly or through a gear train. 1 Flanges for wheels under 2 inches diameter may be unrelieved and shall be maintained flat and true. Compliance with 1910.217(h)(9)(iv). If, after review of the application, additional information, and inspection report, the applicant does not appear to have met the requirements for recognition, the Director of the PSDI certification/validation program shall notify the applicant in writing, listing the specific requirements of this appendix which the applicant has not met, and the reasons. Design certification/validation for a new safety system, i.e., a new design or new integration of specifically identified components and subsystems, would entail a single certification/validation which would be applicable to all identical safety systems. This appendix prescribes mandatory requirements and procedures for OSHA recognition of third-party validation organizations to validate employer and manufacturer certifications that their equipment and practices meet the requirements of the PSDI standard. Conveyors are safe when used correctly, but they can be dangerous, and even deadly, if workers fail to follow safety procedures when working on or around them. The failure shall be detectable by a simple test, or indicated by the control system. Overhead rope drive and block and roller-chain-drive guards shall be not less than six (6) inches wider than the drive on each side. screw conveyors and the periphery of an abrasive . 1910.440 Recordkeeping requirements. The safety system provision continues the concept of paragraph (b)(13) that the probability of two independent failures in the length of time required to make one press cycle is so remote as to be a negligible risk factor in the total array of equipment and human factors. This checklist covers regulations issued by the U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) under the general industry standard 29 CFR 1910.23. (i) All hammers shall be positioned or installed in such a manner that they remain on or are anchored to foundations sufficient to support them according to applicable engineering standards. The spindle speed of the machine shall be checked before mounting of the wheel to be certain that it does not exceed the maximum operating speed marked on the wheel. (1) Inspection and maintenance records. (2) Vertical and inclined belts (paragraphs (e) (3) and (4) of this section) if not more than two and one-half (212) inches wide and running at a speed of less than one thousand (1,000) feet per minute, and if free from metal lacings or fastenings may be guarded with a nip-point belt and pulley guard. Overhead rope drive and block and roller-chain-drive guards shall be not less than six (6) inches wider than the drive on each side. Prior to conducting the brake system test required by paragraph (h)(2)(ii), a visual check shall be made of the springs. (b) Guarding of abrasive wheel machinery -. (xiii) The Control system shall incorporate interlocks for supplemental guards, if used, which will prevent stroke initiation or will stop a stroke in progress if any supplemental guard fails or is deactivated. The upper-wheel guard shall be made to conform to the travel of the saw on the wheel. (3) Cylinder draining. Learn more about the eCFR, its status, and the editorial process. Refer to OSHA 1910.132 (Personal Prot. In addition when unthreaded hole wheels are specified the inside flat, K dimension, shall be large enough to accommodate a suitable flange. 1910.420 Safe practices manual. These records shall be available for inspection by OSHA and OSHA State Plan offices. 1910.137 Electrical protective equipment. The validation organization or validating laboratory shall have a follow-up system for inspecting or testing manufacturer's production of design certified/validated PSDI safety system components and subassemblies where deemed appropriate by the validation organization. the hierarchy of the document. A hearing will be granted to an objecting member of the public if evidence of failure to meet the requirements of this appendix is supplied to OSHA. (See Figures O-18, O-19, O-20, O-21, O-22, and O-23.). All power-transmission equipment shall be inspected at intervals not exceeding 60 days and be kept in good working condition at all times. (5) Each wood jointer with vertical head shall have either an exhaust hood or other guard so arranged as to enclose completely the revolving head, except for a slot of such width as may be necessary and convenient for the application of the material to be jointed. In powerplants or power-development rooms, a guardrail may be used in lieu of the guard required by subdivision (i) of this subparagraph. 1910.268 Telecommunications. The Type 27 A Wheel is mounted between flat non-relieved flanges of equal bearing surfaces. a. (7) High-energy-rate forging machines mean a class of forging equipment wherein high ram velocities resulting from the sudden release of a compressed gas against a free piston impart impact to the workpiece. (c) As used in 1910.216, unless the context clearly requires otherwise, the following mills and calenders in the rubber and plastic industries terms shall have the meanings prescribed in this paragraph. (3) Auxiliary equipment. Annually, or after a change specified in paragraph 1., the employer shall inspect and recertify the installation as meeting the requirements set forth under B., Installation Certification/Validation. (1) The feed rolls of roll type glue spreaders shall be guarded by a semicylindrical guard. 1910.241 Definitions. The requirement in paragraph (h)(2)(ii) defines a high torque capability which should ensure fast and consistent stopping times. This exposure shall begin at a point not more than 65 above the horizontal plane of the wheel spindle. For hole sizes smaller than shown in this table, use table 12. (8) The practice of inserting wedges between the saw disk and the collar to form what is commonly known as a wobble saw shall not be permitted. The validation organization representative shall witness at least one set of each of these tests. (4) Electromagnetic interference at the same wavelengths used for the radiation sensing field, at the power line frequency fundamental and harmonics, and also from outogenous radiation due to system switching. These guards shall effectively prevent the hands or fingers of the operator from coming in contact with the nip points. 7. (ii) Air-lift hammers shall have an air shutoff valve as required in paragraph (d)(2) of this section. Such cross-referencing of specific requirements from paragraphs (a) through (g) of this section is intended only to enhance convenience and understanding in relating to the new provisions to the existing standard, and is not to be construed as limiting the applicability of other provisions in paragraphs (a) through (g) of this section. (4) Type 11 flaring cup wheels mean wheels having double diameter dimensions D and J, and in addition have thickness, hole size, rim and back thickness dimensions. 3. (b) The control system shall be designed to permit an adjustment which will require concurrent pressure from both hands during the die closing portion of the stroke. (ii) Employee's name, injury sustained, and the task being performed (operation, set-up, maintenance, or other). Therefore, the wall dimension W takes precedence over the diameter of the recess as an essential intermediate dimension to describe this shape type. (C) The operation, function and performance of the PSDI mode. (1) Veneer slicer knives shall be guarded to prevent accidental contact with knife edge, at both front and rear. 1910.269 Electric power generation, transmission, and distribution. OSHA Basics: OSHA's Parts 1910 and 1926 ; OSHA Basics: How OSHA Standards are Named and Numbered; OSHA Basics: Incorporation by Reference (IBR) OSHA Basics: The OSHA Field Operations Manual; OSHA Basics: OSHA's Small Business Handbook ; OSHA Basics: The General Duty Clause-5. In powerplants only the lower run of the belt need be guarded. They move large amounts of materials quickly and safely. If the validation organization has been recognized for more than one year, meets the requirements for expansion of recognition, and there is no evidence that the recognized validation organization has not been following the requirements of this appendix and the letter of recognition, an expansion will normally be granted. The employer shall establish and follow an inspection program having a general component and a directed component. 1910.68 Manlifts. (B) Counterbalances shall be adjusted in accordance with the press manufacturer's recommendations to assure correct counterbalancing of the slide attachment (upper die) weight for all operations performed on presses used in the PSDI mode. If the belt is of the endless type or laced with rawhide laces, and a belt shifter is not desired, the belt will be considered guarded if the nip point of the belt and pulley is protected by a nip point guard located in front of the cone extending at least to the top of the largest step of the cone, and formed to show the contour of the cone in order to give the nip point of the belt and pulley the maximum protection. (13) Control reliability. (2) Push stick means a narrow strip of wood or other soft material with a notch cut into one end and which is used to push short pieces of material through saws. Analysis. The materials and dimensions specified in this paragraph shall apply to all guards, except horizontal overhead belts, rope, cable, or chain guards more than seven (7) feet above floor, or platform. Guardrail shall be forty-two (42) inches in height, with midrail between top rail and floor. Although this appendix as such is not mandatory, it references sections and requirements which are made mandatory by other parts of the PSDI standard and appendices. 1910.1201 Retention of DOT markings, placards and labels. Such stresses shall not so affect the control system as to cause unsafe operation. The test specifications and procedures shall be made available upon request to the validation organization. a. (vi) Wherever flywheels are above working areas, guards shall be installed having sufficient strength to hold the weight of the flywheel in the event of a shaft or wheel mounting failure. Flywheels. 39 FR 23502, June 27, 1974, unless otherwise noted. guide. (7) Environmental requirements. Such tools shall not be in lieu of other guarding required by this section, but can only be used to supplement protection provided. (B) Guards used as supplemental safeguarding shall conform to the design, construction and application requirements of paragraph (c)(2) of this section, and shall be interlocked with the press control to prevent press PSDI operation if the guard fails, is removed, or is out of position. 1910.124 General requirements for dipping and coating operations. The certification/validation of safety systems for PSDI shall consider the press, controls, safeguards, operator, and environment as an integrated system which shall comply with all of the requirements in 29 CFR 1910.217 (a) through (h) and this appendix A. The outside periphery of the enclosure shall be solid. All power-transmission equipment shall be inspected at intervals not exceeding 60 days and be kept in good working condition at all times. Cast iron (min. If center to center distance between pulleys is ten (10) feet or more. (4) Reconstruction and modification. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration's (OSHA's) requirements for machine guarding are found in 29 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 1910 Subpart O, Machinery and Machine Guarding as detailed below; 1910.211 Definitions; 1910.212 General requirements for all machines; . Appendix A to Subpart I of Part 1910References for Further Information (Non-mandatory) The validation organization representative shall witness at least one set of tests. (1) Each circular resaw shall be guarded by a hood or shield of metal above the saw. from the floor or platform may be guarded with a disk covering the spokes. The documentation shall include, but not be limited to, the following items: a. Page 1 of 4 | Conveyor Hazards Safety Factsheet: Hazards of Conveyors Conveyors are used to transport materials . The validation organization may charge any complainant the reasonable charge for repeating tests needed for the resolution of disputes. (f) Certain Type 1 and Type 27A cutting-off wheels. (i) Spring counterbalance systems when used shall incorporate means to retain system parts in event of breakage. 1910.334 Use of equipment. A safety triprod, cable, or wire center cord shall be provided across each pair of in-running rolls extending the length of the face of the rolls. The employer shall provide clearance between machines so that movement of one operator will not interfere with the work of another. Such stopping distances shall be subject to engineering determination. The back flange shall extend beyond the central hub or raised portion and contact the wheel to counteract the side pressure on the wheel in use. If you would like to comment on the current content, please use the 'Content Feedback' button below for instructions on contacting the issuing agency. (1) Mechanical forging presses. Where suspended counterweights are used and not guarded by location, they shall be so encased as to prevent accident. 1910.307 Hazardous (classified) locations. Belt shifter and clutch handles shall be rounded and be located as far as possible from danger of accidental contact, but within easy reach of the operator. (a) When used in press operations requiring more than one operator, separate two hand controls shall be provided for each operator, and shall be designed to require concurrent application of all operators' controls to activate the slide. If the preliminary decision is in favor of recognition, a member of the public, or if the preliminary decision is against recognition, the applicant may request a public hearing by the close of the comment period, if it supplies detailed reasons and evidence challenging the basis of the Assistant Secretary's preliminary decision and justifying the need for a public hearing to bring out evidence which could not be effectively supplied through written submissions. (7) Machines using part revolution clutches. Vertical belts running over a lower pulley more than seven (7) feet above floor or platform shall be guarded at the bottom in the same manner as horizontal overhead belts, if conditions are as stated in paragraphs (e)(2)(ii) (a) and (c) of this section. (9) Prime movers include steam, gas, oil, and air engines, motors, steam and hydraulic turbines, and other equipment used as a source of power. The manufacturer's recommended procedures for maintenance and inspection should be closely followed. Ample room for cleaning machines, handling material, work pieces, and scrap shall also be provided. e. The generation of the test signal introduced into the system for measuring reaction time shall be such that the initiation time can be established with an error of less than 0.5 percent of the reaction time measured. When more than one wheel is mounted between a single set of flanges, wheels may be cemented together or separated by specially designed spacers.
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