Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 142(1), 350353. Easden, M. H., & Kazantzis, N. (2018). Linden, D. J. I will go into further detail of the 5 Ps Model below. Here the clinician may utilize strategies drawn from acceptance and commitment therapy related to his control strategy of using alcohol to avoid his emotions (Harris, 2019). The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed. Van Wormer, K., & Davis, D. R. (2018). Facing addiction in America: The Surgeon Generals report on alcohol, drugs, and health. Applying this approach with clients who engage in substance use and misuse would allow more individual and flexible ways to intervene with client substance use and misuse. In the Five Ps context, protective factors are used to potentially prevent substance use and misuse from having more negative impact as well as to increase client resilience. In implementing the Five Ps framework with Dax, the clinician chose to use psychoeducation and strategies borrowed from acceptance and commitment, reality, Bowenian family systems, and solution-focused brief therapies to assist Dax with his substance use and misuse. His father started out drinking occasionally and over the years slowly developed a dependency on alcohol. The essay will describe Greg's case study using 5P's model. In mental health, when there is a group of consistent symptoms seen in a population, these symptoms can be categorized into a distinct entity, called a diagnosis (this is what the DSM-5 does). Henkel, D. (2011). Diagram of Ray's 5Ps formulation (Johnstone & Dallos, 2014) and core beliefs Source publication Integrating CBT and CFT within a case formulation approach to reduce depression and anxiety in. Client substance use and misuse is a significant problem in the United States, and it continues to cause difficulty for individuals, families, and society. The effects of treatment for substance use problems on intimate partner violence: A review of empirical data. The night he was pulled over, he had had two additional beers and one additional shot of whiskey on top of his usual consumption after a telephone argument with his wife, Sara. I can state that formulations of everyone must be taken with care, since they are hypothesis and not statements of facts as pointed out by Butler (G Butler 2009). Based on these factors, dialectical behavioural therapy would be the most helpful for this patient. A concerned best friend called and talked to her this evening, and brought her to the hospital. The next step Precipitating is used to look at both internal and external factors and discover where they are linked, from this you get a greater picture of the overall problem. Current Drug Abuse Reviews, 4(1), 427. Kuyken, W., Padesky, C. A., & Dudley, R. (2009). As mentioned previously, the Five Ps is not meant to replace any other substance use and misuse intervention. Five additional elements are often added to this (referred to as 'the five Ps'): presenting problem (s) predisposing factors precipitating factors perpetuating factors protective factors. 0000186690 00000 n https://doi.org/10.1016/S0740-5472(03)00212-5 Unemployment and substance use: A review of the literature (19902010). Dax denies any other negative consequences from his alcohol use. ,"Sb.&;.+Y&&_{} G|ku!dKMwU*jMdDN This may open the door to a conversation regarding how his substance use and misuse may progress to alcohol use disorder and its definition as a pattern of alcohol use leading to clinically significant problems, including increase in use, failed attempts to stop, and use leading to an impaired ability to meet role obligations (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). As Chadwick et al. Our academic experts are ready and waiting to assist with any writing project you may have. If he cannot identify a time, simple role-plays in which Dax does not interrupt or yell and instead experiences different outcomes may provide optimism to Dax. Implementing the Five Ps: The Case of Dax. 0000002760 00000 n Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics, 16(1), 111-132. Aldao, A., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2013). This is in keeping with the inherent uniqueness of clients, their concerns, and a variety of factors. Additionally, as it is a continuous process it allows the therapist to revise any incorrect hypothesis about any underlying mechanism at any stage. A logical analysis using gentle Socratic dialogue may help to challenge his emotional reactions to his daughters heart murmur (Etoom & Ratnapalan, 2014). Another potential area of study might involve comparing novice counselors to more experienced counselors. What is the purpose of formulation? Routledge. Registered office: Creative Tower, Fujairah, PO Box 4422, UAE. Case Formulation DSM-5 Criteria Sets DSM-5 Background Information Treatment Planning Best practice guidelines are often tied to a diagnosis DSM-5 measures to monitor progress . Substance use and misuse has significant impact on the occupational sector as well. This factor has generally been underutilized despite being shown as beneficial to clients (Kuyken et al., 2009). Persons, J.B., 1989. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2002;41(1):927. https://doi.org/10.17744/mehc.30.1.j40256207h0581t1 https://doi.org/10.1177/0009922813488653 Belenko, S., Hiller, M., & Hamilton, L. (2013). Cognitive behavioral therapists use individually tailored formulations as a framework with which to understand their patients' difficulties and to plan effective treatment. It will make your job of formulating much easier. The idiographic/nomothetic dichotomy: Tracing historical origins of contemporary confusions. Currently, there are a variety of empirically based interventions for treating clients who engage in substance use and misuse. You've got your table all filled out now. Hypotheses are generated about the origins and causes of a patient's symptoms. She also drank 10 beers prior to arriving in the hospital. University-educated. Addiction Science and Clinical Practice, 13(8), 115. It acknowledges your strengths and resources. (Ed.). (2008). She has also previously responded well to psychotherapy and appears to be psychologically-minded. Hawton, K.E., Salkovskis, P.M., Kirk, J.E. Compton, W. M., Gfroerer, J., Conway, K. P., & Finger, M. S. (2014). Plate, A. J., & Aldao, A. The Biopsychosocial Model 25 Years Later: Principles, Practice, and Scientific Inquiry. To export a reference to this article please select a referencing stye below: If you are the original writer of this essay and no longer wish to have your work published on UKEssays.com then please: Our academic writing and marking services can help you! Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 30(1), 6794. It has been documented that 90% of the population at some point have intrusive thoughts, or feel paranoid and feel people are doing things on purpose towards them. Jane could benefit from accessing support from her company's HR department to understand what options she has after her job termination, Substance use groups such as Alcoholic's Anonymous, Increasing connections to her friends and social supports, Biopsychosocial Model and Case Formulation, The Parable of Panic: Suffocation, Social Attachment, and the Critical Role of an Integrative, Biopsychosocial Formulation, family act and what is the family structure, Childhood exposure to maternal depression, domestic violence, late adoption, temperament mismatch, or marital conflicts, Family history of mental disorders and substance use, Early parental divorce, unstable home life, history of trauma. Acknowledging that his reticence is due to being obligated to attend counseling may assist in relationship building (Tahan & Sminkey, 2012). Published data on those incarcerated appears to be several years old. What are perpetuating factors? Twelve-step attendance is most beneficial with inpatient substance use and misuse treatment (Karriker-Jaffe et al., 2018). Family therapy: Systemic approaches to practice. However, an important skill that they should try to perform is to assess a situation before jumping to conclusions. Substance use and misuse also has a negative impact on intimate partners, such as assuming increased responsibility and navigating unpredictability (Hussaarts et al., 2012). (2011). Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 38(5), 351-358. 0000241644 00000 n Jane has been working at a start up company for the past 2 years. The "5 Ps" we recommend include: Purpose: Every meeting should have a reason. 58 - 65. Oxford University Press. The compass of pleasure: How our brains make fatty foods, orgasm, exercise, marijuana, generosity, vodka, learning, and gambling feel so good. But the most important thing about formulation is that it should be intuitive and flow logically. Addictive Behaviors, 32(7), 13311346. He then stopped at a local pub and had several drinks. Oxford Handbooks Online, 149. One of the weakness of this formulation is identifying that the clients strength is not included the initial assessment and data collection. The American Journal on Addictions, 21(1), 3846. 0000240043 00000 n Tarrier, N., Wells, A. The clinician may also discuss strategies to help Dax regulate his reactions using emotion-focused interventions such as positive reframing to ameliorate the stress of his daughters cardiac condition (Plate & Aldao, 2017). https://doi.org/10.1080/10826084.2017.1349800 Liao, J.-Y., Huang, C.-M., Lee, C. T.-C., Hsu, H.-P., Chang, C.-C., Chuang, C.-J., & Guo, J.-L. (2018). This may have reactivated/exacerbated her emotional dysregulation, and resulted in negative coping styles such as her self-harming and suicidal ideation. It is systematic, while allowing for flexibility and creativity. Johnstone, L., & Dallos, R. However, each has some shortcomings. Han, B., Hedden, S. L., Lipari, R., Copello, E. A. P., & Kroutil, L. A. Delivery of mindfulness-based interventions may help to address stressful events that previously triggered substance use (Garland et al., 2014). However, the patient has protective factors including psychological mindedness and previous response to therapy, which is a good prognostic factor. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 37(3), pp.269-284. https://www.samhsa.gov/data/sites/default/files/NSDUH-DR-FRR3-2014/NSDUH-DR-FRR3-2014/NSDUH-DR-FRR3-2014.htm (2017, September 7). The counselor may also assist Dax in emotional regulation, which may prevent the initiation of arguments (Aldao & Nolen-Hoeksema, 2013). https://addiction.surgeongeneral.gov/sites/default/files/surgeon-generals-report.pdf 1189 0 obj <> endobj Cumbria, Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust In addition, there are frameworks that use a formulation model examining various aspects of clients (Johnstone & Dallos, 2013) such as causal, contributing, environmental, and personal features, providing a much more expansive view of clients concerns. 0000006923 00000 n The patient appears to have adopted self-harming as a primitive coping strategy by early adulthood, and these have continued on in adulthood. 0000180123 00000 n all (2004) it is essential to reduce stress and traumatic events for people recovering from Paranoid Schizophrenia, and start to contribute in social activities. 0000180034 00000 n https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdv148 Motivational interviewing: Building rapport with clients to encourage desirable behavioral and lifestyle changes. By examining and exploring clients use or misuse within the context of a multidimensional framework, interventions can be personalized, and areas of concern can be targeted. These can be in the form of personal characteristics such as tenacity, intellect, or insight. She notably has a past history of childhood trauma and abuse. Kleiman, M. A. R., Caulkins, J. P., & Hawken, A.
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